CoViD in the 1980's ????

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MAH reposted
Vipin M. Vashishtha
@vipintukur
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How #LongCovid impacts brain structure! 

A NEW study shows that striking brain similarities, in particular, a larger than normal hippocampus, have been detected in patients who experience #LongCOVID & Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS). 1/
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Vipin M. Vashishtha
@vipintukur
·
Feb 12
< aria-label="Grok s" role="" ="-175oi2r r-1777fci r-bt1l66 r-bztko3 r-lrvibr r-1loqt21 r-1ny4l3l" ="" style="text-align: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-family: inherit; align-items: stretch; border-width: 0px; border-style: solid; border-color: black; display: flex; flex-basis: auto; flex-direction: column; flex-shrink: 0; list-style: none; margin: 0px; min-height: 20px; min-width: 0px; padding: 0px; : relative; : 0; overflow: ; justify-: center; cursor: pointer; outline-style: none; user-: none;">
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Researchers focused on using specific MRI machine to study the brain in these participants to determine similarities in particular areas of the brain, such as the hippocampus, which plays a critical role in controlling memory and cognition 2/
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Vipin M. Vashishtha
@vipintukur
·
Feb 12
< aria-label="Grok s" role="" ="-175oi2r r-1777fci r-bt1l66 r-bztko3 r-lrvibr r-1loqt21 r-1ny4l3l" ="" style="text-align: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-family: inherit; align-items: stretch; border-width: 0px; border-style: solid; border-color: black; display: flex; flex-basis: auto; flex-direction: column; flex-shrink: 0; list-style: none; margin: 0px; min-height: 20px; min-width: 0px; padding: 0px; : relative; : 0; overflow: ; justify-: center; cursor: pointer; outline-style: none; user-: none;">
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MRI identified significantly larger hippocampal volume in long 
COVID & ME/CFS patients compared to healthy individuals without these conditions.
Furthermore, the study showed similar hippocampal volume in patients, emphasizing striking brain similarities between the two  3/
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Vipin M. Vashishtha
@vipintukur
·
Feb 12
< aria-label="Grok s" role="" ="-175oi2r r-1777fci r-bt1l66 r-bztko3 r-lrvibr r-1loqt21 r-1ny4l3l" ="" style="text-align: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-family: inherit; align-items: stretch; border-width: 0px; border-style: solid; border-color: black; display: flex; flex-basis: auto; flex-direction: column; flex-shrink: 0; list-style: none; margin: 0px; min-height: 20px; min-width: 0px; padding: 0px; : relative; : 0; overflow: ; justify-: center; cursor: pointer; outline-style: none; user-: none;">
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"The research also reported the hippocampal volume was associated with symptom severity in both patient groups. 4/
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Vipin M. Vashishtha
@vipintukur
·
Feb 12
< aria-label="Grok s" role="" ="-175oi2r r-1777fci r-bt1l66 r-bztko3 r-lrvibr r-1loqt21 r-1ny4l3l" ="" style="text-align: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-family: inherit; align-items: stretch; border-width: 0px; border-style: solid; border-color: black; display: flex; flex-basis: auto; flex-direction: column; flex-shrink: 0; list-style: none; margin: 0px; min-height: 20px; min-width: 0px; padding: 0px; : relative; : 0; overflow: ; justify-: center; cursor: pointer; outline-style: none; user-: none;">
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Therefore, hippocampal impairment in long COVID and ME/CFS patients may play a significant role in cognitive difficulties such as memory problems, difficulty concentrating, and delayed responses to questions or conversations. 5/
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Vipin M. Vashishtha
@vipintukur
·
Feb 12
< aria-expanded="false" aria-haspopup="menu" aria-label="More" role="" ="-175oi2r r-1777fci r-bt1l66 r-bztko3 r-lrvibr r-1loqt21 r-1ny4l3l" -testid="caret" ="" style="text-align: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-family: inherit; align-items: stretch; border-width: 0px; border-style: solid; border-color: black; display: flex; flex-basis: auto; flex-direction: column; flex-shrink: 0; list-style: none; margin: 0px; min-height: 20px; min-width: 0px; padding: 0px; : relative; : 0; overflow: ; justify-: center; cursor: pointer; outline-style: none; user-: none;">
Larger hippocampal volume could be due to neurogenesis, the formation of new neurons, or a virus in the brain.  6/6

link; https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0316625  or https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0316625 

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Dutch Josh 2 Members Profile Send Private Message Find Members Posts Add to Buddy List Admin Group Joined: 21 Aug 2024 Status: Offline Points: 1966	Post Options Post Reply Quote Dutch Josh 2 Report Post Thanks(0) Quote Reply Posted: 14 Feb 2025 at 7:39am
	MAH reposted Vipin M. Vashishtha @vipintukur < aria-label="Grok s" role="" ="-175oi2r r-1777fci r-bt1l66 r-bztko3 r-lrvibr r-1loqt21 r-1ny4l3l" ="" style="text-align: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-family: inherit; align-items: stretch; border-width: 0px; border-style: solid; border-color: black; display: flex; flex-basis: auto; flex-direction: column; flex-shrink: 0; list-style: none; margin: 0px; min-height: 20px; min-width: 0px; padding: 0px; : relative; : 0; overflow: ; justify-: center; cursor: pointer; outline-style: none; user-: none;"> < aria-expanded="false" aria-haspopup="menu" aria-label="More" role="" ="-175oi2r r-1777fci r-bt1l66 r-bztko3 r-lrvibr r-1loqt21 r-1ny4l3l" -testid="caret" ="" style="text-align: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-family: inherit; align-items: stretch; border-width: 0px; border-style: solid; border-color: black; display: flex; flex-basis: auto; flex-direction: column; flex-shrink: 0; list-style: none; margin: 0px; min-height: 20px; min-width: 0px; padding: 0px; : relative; : 0; overflow: ; justify-: center; cursor: pointer; outline-style: none; user-: none;"> How #LongCovid impacts brain structure! A NEW study shows that striking brain similarities, in particular, a larger than normal hippocampus, have been detected in patients who experience #LongCOVID & Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS). 1/ - Vipin M. Vashishtha @vipintukur · Feb 12 < aria-label="Grok s" role="" ="-175oi2r r-1777fci r-bt1l66 r-bztko3 r-lrvibr r-1loqt21 r-1ny4l3l" ="" style="text-align: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-family: inherit; align-items: stretch; border-width: 0px; border-style: solid; border-color: black; display: flex; flex-basis: auto; flex-direction: column; flex-shrink: 0; list-style: none; margin: 0px; min-height: 20px; min-width: 0px; padding: 0px; : relative; : 0; overflow: ; justify-: center; cursor: pointer; outline-style: none; user-: none;"> < aria-expanded="false" aria-haspopup="menu" aria-label="More" role="" ="-175oi2r r-1777fci r-bt1l66 r-bztko3 r-lrvibr r-1loqt21 r-1ny4l3l" -testid="caret" ="" style="text-align: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-family: inherit; align-items: stretch; border-width: 0px; border-style: solid; border-color: black; display: flex; flex-basis: auto; flex-direction: column; flex-shrink: 0; list-style: none; margin: 0px; min-height: 20px; min-width: 0px; padding: 0px; : relative; : 0; overflow: ; justify-: center; cursor: pointer; outline-style: none; user-: none;"> Researchers focused on using specific MRI machine to study the brain in these participants to determine similarities in particular areas of the brain, such as the hippocampus, which plays a critical role in controlling memory and cognition 2/ - Vipin M. Vashishtha @vipintukur · Feb 12 < aria-label="Grok s" role="" ="-175oi2r r-1777fci r-bt1l66 r-bztko3 r-lrvibr r-1loqt21 r-1ny4l3l" ="" style="text-align: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-family: inherit; align-items: stretch; border-width: 0px; border-style: solid; border-color: black; display: flex; flex-basis: auto; flex-direction: column; flex-shrink: 0; list-style: none; margin: 0px; min-height: 20px; min-width: 0px; padding: 0px; : relative; : 0; overflow: ; justify-: center; cursor: pointer; outline-style: none; user-: none;"> < aria-expanded="false" aria-haspopup="menu" aria-label="More" role="" ="-175oi2r r-1777fci r-bt1l66 r-bztko3 r-lrvibr r-1loqt21 r-1ny4l3l" -testid="caret" ="" style="text-align: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-family: inherit; align-items: stretch; border-width: 0px; border-style: solid; border-color: black; display: flex; flex-basis: auto; flex-direction: column; flex-shrink: 0; list-style: none; margin: 0px; min-height: 20px; min-width: 0px; padding: 0px; : relative; : 0; overflow: ; justify-: center; cursor: pointer; outline-style: none; user-: none;"> MRI identified significantly larger hippocampal volume in long COVID & ME/CFS patients compared to healthy individuals without these conditions. Furthermore, the study showed similar hippocampal volume in patients, emphasizing striking brain similarities between the two 3/ - Vipin M. Vashishtha @vipintukur · Feb 12 < aria-label="Grok s" role="" ="-175oi2r r-1777fci r-bt1l66 r-bztko3 r-lrvibr r-1loqt21 r-1ny4l3l" ="" style="text-align: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-family: inherit; align-items: stretch; border-width: 0px; border-style: solid; border-color: black; display: flex; flex-basis: auto; flex-direction: column; flex-shrink: 0; list-style: none; margin: 0px; min-height: 20px; min-width: 0px; padding: 0px; : relative; : 0; overflow: ; justify-: center; cursor: pointer; outline-style: none; user-: none;"> < aria-expanded="false" aria-haspopup="menu" aria-label="More" role="" ="-175oi2r r-1777fci r-bt1l66 r-bztko3 r-lrvibr r-1loqt21 r-1ny4l3l" -testid="caret" ="" style="text-align: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-family: inherit; align-items: stretch; border-width: 0px; border-style: solid; border-color: black; display: flex; flex-basis: auto; flex-direction: column; flex-shrink: 0; list-style: none; margin: 0px; min-height: 20px; min-width: 0px; padding: 0px; : relative; : 0; overflow: ; justify-: center; cursor: pointer; outline-style: none; user-: none;"> "The research also reported the hippocampal volume was associated with symptom severity in both patient groups. 4/ - Vipin M. Vashishtha @vipintukur · Feb 12 < aria-label="Grok s" role="" ="-175oi2r r-1777fci r-bt1l66 r-bztko3 r-lrvibr r-1loqt21 r-1ny4l3l" ="" style="text-align: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-family: inherit; align-items: stretch; border-width: 0px; border-style: solid; border-color: black; display: flex; flex-basis: auto; flex-direction: column; flex-shrink: 0; list-style: none; margin: 0px; min-height: 20px; min-width: 0px; padding: 0px; : relative; : 0; overflow: ; justify-: center; cursor: pointer; outline-style: none; user-: none;"> < aria-expanded="false" aria-haspopup="menu" aria-label="More" role="" ="-175oi2r r-1777fci r-bt1l66 r-bztko3 r-lrvibr r-1loqt21 r-1ny4l3l" -testid="caret" ="" style="text-align: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-family: inherit; align-items: stretch; border-width: 0px; border-style: solid; border-color: black; display: flex; flex-basis: auto; flex-direction: column; flex-shrink: 0; list-style: none; margin: 0px; min-height: 20px; min-width: 0px; padding: 0px; : relative; : 0; overflow: ; justify-: center; cursor: pointer; outline-style: none; user-: none;"> Therefore, hippocampal impairment in long COVID and ME/CFS patients may play a significant role in cognitive difficulties such as memory problems, difficulty concentrating, and delayed responses to questions or conversations. 5/ - Vipin M. Vashishtha @vipintukur · Feb 12 < aria-expanded="false" aria-haspopup="menu" aria-label="More" role="" ="-175oi2r r-1777fci r-bt1l66 r-bztko3 r-lrvibr r-1loqt21 r-1ny4l3l" -testid="caret" ="" style="text-align: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-family: inherit; align-items: stretch; border-width: 0px; border-style: solid; border-color: black; display: flex; flex-basis: auto; flex-direction: column; flex-shrink: 0; list-style: none; margin: 0px; min-height: 20px; min-width: 0px; padding: 0px; : relative; : 0; overflow: ; justify-: center; cursor: pointer; outline-style: none; user-: none;"> Larger hippocampal volume could be due to neurogenesis, the formation of new neurons, or a virus in the brain. 6/6 link; https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0316625 or https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0316625

Dutch Josh 2 Members Profile Send Private Message Find Members Posts Add to Buddy List Admin Group Joined: 21 Aug 2024 Status: Offline Points: 1966	Post Options Post Reply Quote Dutch Josh 2 Report Post Thanks(0) Quote Reply Posted: 20 Feb 2025 at 2:39am
	DJ, The Netherlands had a very major Q-fever outbreak around 20 years ago... https://www.omroepbrabant.nl/nieuws/4644769/veel-meer-chronische-q-koortspatienten-zonder-dat-ze-het-zelf-weten or https://www.omroepbrabant.nl/nieuws/4644769/veel-meer-chronische-q-koortspatienten-zonder-dat-ze-het-zelf-weten ; Possibly hundreds of people chronically ill without diagnosis According to interest group Q-support, about six hundred people have so far been diagnosed with chronic Q fever (see box). But there may still be four hundred to sixteen hundred people who walk around with the same disease without a diagnosis. - The turnout for the population screening was very low. About half of the GP practices in the regions participated. They invited only a small proportion of their patients, and less than half of them ultimately accepted the invitation. According to Q-support, this is due to a lack of time among GPs, but also 'due to a lack of knowledge about Q fever'. DJ, Chronic Q-fever may increase risks for other infections...Diseases around goat/sheep farms still are higher. Retrospective it may be very hard to find out what disease(s) did cause chronic healthissues. Statistics (models) may (at best- give an indication.

Dutch Josh 2 Members Profile Send Private Message Find Members Posts Add to Buddy List Admin Group Joined: 21 Aug 2024 Status: Offline Points: 1966	Post Options Post Reply Quote Dutch Josh 2 Report Post Thanks(0) Quote Reply Posted: 14 Mar 2025 at 4:15am
	https://www.thailandmedical.news/news/high-prevalence-of-epstein-barr-virus-and-other-viral-markers-found-in-patients-with-chronic-fatigue-syndrome or https://www.thailandmedical.news/news/high-prevalence-of-epstein-barr-virus-and-other-viral-markers-found-in-patients-with-chronic-fatigue-syndrome link to https://www.preprints.org/manuscript/202502.0185/v3 or https://www.preprints.org/manuscript/202502.0185/v3 ; Abstract An exhausted antiviral immune response is observed in myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) and post-SARS-CoV-2 syndrome also termed long COVID. In this study, potential mechanisms behind this exhaustion were investigated. -First, the viral load of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), human adenovirus (HAdV), human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), human herpesvirus 6 (HHV6), and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was determined in sputum samples (n = 29) derived from ME/CFS patients (n = 13), healthy controls (n = 10), elderly healthy controls (n = 4), and immunosuppressed controls (n = 2). -Secondly, autoantibodies (autoAbs) to type I interferon (IFN-I) in sputum were analyzed to possibly explain impaired viral immunity. We found that ME/CFS patients released EBV at a significantly higher level compared to controls (p = 0.0256). HHV6 was present in ~50% of all participants at the same level. HAdV was detected in two cases with immunosuppression and severe ME/CFS, respectively. HCMV and SARS-CoV-2 were found only in immunosuppressed controls. Notably, anti-IFN-I autoAbs in ME/CFS and controls did not differ, except in a severe ME/CFS case showing an increased level. We conclude that ME/CFS patients, compared to controls, have a significantly higher load of EBV. IFN-I autoAbs cannot explain IFN-I dysfunction, with the possible exception of severe cases, also reported in severe SARS-CoV-2. We forward that additional mechanisms, such as viral evasion of IFN-I effect via degradation of IFN-receptors; may be present in ME/CFS, which demands further studies. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epstein%E2%80%93Barr_virus#Role_in_disease or https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epstein%E2%80%93Barr_virus#Role_in_disease; EBV causes infectious mononucleosis.^[56] Children infected with EBV have few symptoms or can appear asymptomatic, but when infection is delayed to adolescence or adulthood, it can cause fatigue, fever, inflamed throat, swollen lymph nodes in the neck, enlarged spleen, swollen liver, or rash.^[20] Post-infectious chronic fatigue syndrome has also been associated with EBV infection.^[57]^[58] - EBV infected B cells have been shown to reside within the brain lesions of multiple sclerosis patients,^[17] and a 2022 study of 10 million soldiers' historical blood samples showed that "Individuals who were not infected with the Epstein–Barr virus virtually never get multiple sclerosis. It's only after Epstein–Barr virus infection that the risk of multiple sclerosis jumps up by over 30 fold", and that only EBV of many infections had such a clear connection with the disease.^[66] DJ, IF ME-CFS is a chronic EBV-infection then -maybe-anti virals may help. Another strategy could be increasing immunity (diet ?) boosting immunity so the "host" is better able to fight the virus... Stress, other infections, may worsen symptoms.

Dutch Josh 2 Members Profile Send Private Message Find Members Posts Add to Buddy List Admin Group Joined: 21 Aug 2024 Status: Offline Points: 1966	Post Options Post Reply Quote Dutch Josh 2 Report Post Thanks(0) Quote Reply Posted: 8 hours 30 minutes ago at 1:06pm
	https://mecentraal.wordpress.com/english/ or https://mecentraal.wordpress.com/english/ https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2024.05.30.596590v1 or https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2024.05.30.596590v1 Abstract SARS-CoV-2 infections worldwide led to a surge in cases of Long COVID, a post-infectious syndrome. It has been hypothesized that autoantibodies play a crucial role in the development of Long COVID and other syndromes, such as fibromyalgia and myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS). In this study, we tested this hypothesis by passively transferring total IgG from Long COVID patients to mice. Using Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP) and type-I interferon expression, we stratified patients into three Long COVID subgroups, each with unique plasma proteome signatures. Remarkably, IgG transfer from the two subgroups, which are characterized by higher plasma levels of neuronal proteins and leukocyte activation markers, induced pronounced and persistent sensory hypersensitivity with distinct kinetics. Conversely, IgG transfer from the third subgroup, which are characterized by enriched skeletal and cardiac muscle proteome profiles, reduced locomotor activity in mice without affecting their motor coordination. These findings demonstrate that transfer of IgG from Long COVID patients to mice replicates disease symptoms, underscoring IgG’s causative role in Long COVID pathogenesis. This work proposes a murine model that mirrors Long COVID’s pathophysiological mechanisms, which may be used as a tool for screening and developing targeted therapeutics. (click on full text for all of the study-see link).

CoViD in the 1980's ????

Abstract

Abstract