Post Reply - measles 2025

Measles was declared eliminated from the United States in 2000 by the World Health Organization due to the success of vaccination efforts.^[1] However, it continues to be reintroduced by international travelers,^[1] and in recent years, anti-vaccination sentiment has allowed for the reemergence of measles outbreaks.^[2][3]

In 2018, 371 cases of measles were confirmed in the United States. From January to August 2019, 1215 cases across 30 states had been confirmed as measles by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).^[4] This is the largest number of cases in one calendar year since the disease was declared eliminated.^[5] In 2019, a state of emergency was declared in New York City^[6] and Washington^[7] in response to the extremely contagious disease. There is concern that the World Health Organization (WHO) may rescind the U.S.'s measles elimination status.^[8]

In mid-February 2025, a measles outbreak in West Texas has grown to 48 cases, primarily affecting children and teenagers, making it the most severe in the state in nearly 30 years.^[66] Health officials suspect the actual number of infections could be much higher, estimating that 200 to 300 people may be infected but untested, with 13 individuals hospitalized.^[67] Most cases have been reported in Gaines County, while smaller outbreaks have been identified in Terry, Yoakum, and Lynn counties.^[68]

On February 19, the Texas Department of State Health Services, reported the measles outbreak in West Texas has expanded to 58 reported cases. Gaines County remains the most affected area, accounting for 45 cases.^[69] The illness has also spread to nearby counties, with nine cases in Terry County, two in Yoakum County, and one case each in Lynn and Lubbock counties. Most of those infected are children between the ages of 5 and 17.^[70] Additionally, health officials in eastern New Mexico have confirmed nine measles cases, for a total of 99 cases, as of February 23, 2025.^[71] By February 26, total cases had risen to 133.^[72]

The outbreaks occur amid a decline in vaccination rates in some communities. Although Texas and New Mexico have high overall vaccination rates (94.3% and 95% among kindergarteners, respectively), exemptions have been rising, particularly in Texas. The affected area includes a large Mennonite community, which typically has low vaccination rates due to religious beliefs.^[71]